Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the study participants (n = 80)

Gender

 Male

42 (52.5%)

7 (58.3%)

16 (50%)

19 (52.8%)

χ² = 0.245

0.885

 Female

38 (47.5%)

5 (41.7%)

16 (50%)

17 (47.2%)

Age (years)

Mean ± SD

56 ± 12.6

53.8 ± 8.4

57 ± 12.9

55.9 ± 13.7

F = 0.267

0.766

Height (cm)

Mean ± SD

170.2 ± 8

173.3 ± 6.9

170.5 ± 8

168.8 ± 8.3

F = 1.435

0.244

Weight (kg)

Mean ± SD

83.5 ± 15.4

95.9 ± 18.6

81.3 ± 11.8

81.2 ± 15.5

F = 5.120^*

0.008^*

BMI (kg/m²)

Mean ± SD

30.7 ± 4.6

32.2 ± 6.1

29.5 ± 3.1

31.2 ± 4.9

F = 2.019

0.140

HE

 Absent

45 (56.3%)

11 (91.7%)

21 (65.7%)

13 (36.1%)

χ² = 14.410^*

^MCp = 0.004^*

 Grade 1 − 2

35 (43.8%)

1 (8.3%)

11 (34.4%)

23 (63.9%)

Ascites

 Absent

14 (17.5%)

8 (66.7%)

6 (18.8%)

0 (0%)

χ² = 42.115^*

^MCp < 0.001^*

 Tense

13 (16.3%)

0 (0%)

3 (9.4%)

10 (27.8%)

 Mild

13 (16.3%)

4 (33.3%)

7 (21.9%)

2 (5.6%)

 Moderate

39 (48.8%)

0 (0%)

16 (50%)

23 (63.9%)

 Massive

1 (1.3%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1 (2.8%)

LL edema

57 (71.3%)

2 (16.7%)

22 (68.8%)

33 (91.7%)

χ² = 24.877^*

 < 0.001^*

Albumin

F = 15.771^*

 < 0.001^*

Mean ± SD

2.6 ± 0.6

3.2 ± 0.4

2.7 ± 0.4

2.4 ± 0.5

PA

Mean ± SD

65.1 ± 17.3

71.1 ± 16.9

67.8 ± 16.4

60.7 ± 17.6

F = 2.371

0.100

INR

Mean ± SD

1.4 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.2

1.3 ± 0.2

1.5 ± 0.3

F = 3.390^*

0.039^*

sCr

Mean ± SD

1.2 ± 0.8

0.8 ± 0.4

1.2 ± 1

1.3 ± 0.7

H = 7.411^*

0.025^*

WBCs

Mean ± SD

7.4 ± 5.3

5.9 ± 5.3

6.8 ± 5.5

8.4 ± 5.2

H = 1.996 6.287^*

0.043^*