Table 1 Summary of the treatment difference of some special groups of patients during the interferon era and after DAAs evolution
From: The art of managing hepatitis C virus in special population groups: a paradigm shift
|  | Patients’ group | Treatment during interferon era | Treatment after DAAs evolution |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Acute HCV | Recommended with reasonable cost-effective issue. | Recommended with more efficacy, better tolerability, and shorter duration. |
2 | Chronic HCV with decompensated cirrhosis | Not recommended | Recommended in special LT centers with close patients’ monitoring. |
3 | Chronic HCV-HBV coinfection | Recommended with lower efficacy of HCV and higher probability of HBV reactivation | Recommended with higher efficacy of HCV and lower probability of HBV reactivation |
4 | Chronic HCV-HIV coinfection | Infrequently used with limited efficacy and high incidence of serious adverse events | Recommended with tailored regimen to avoid only drug–drug interaction |
5 | HCV in pregnant and lactating women | Contraindicated | Contraindicated |
6 | HCV in children | Contraindicated | Available for adolescent (≥ 12 years old) |
7 | HCV recurrence after liver transplantation | Usually, intolerable with low efficacy | Recommended with better tolerability and high efficacy |
8 | HCV with hepatocellular carcinoma | Recommended, decreasing HCC incidence and recurrence | Recommended, decreasing HCC incidence but debates on their role in HCC recurrence |
9 | HCV with lymphoma | Recommended with good results | Recommended with better results |
10 | HCV with cardiovascular diseases | Could be recommended with close co-monitoring by Cardiologist | Recommended with better tolerability |
11 | HCV with renal diseases | Not recommended | Recommended with good tolerability and outcome |
12 | HCV with interstitial pulmonary diseases | Not recommended | Data insufficient |
13 | HCV with diabetes mellitus | Recommended with good outcome | Recommended with good outcome and better tolerability |
14 | Patients with extrahepatic neuropsychiatric manifestations of HCV | Not recommended | Recommended |
15 | Patients with extrahepatic immune-mediated manifestations of HCV | Not recommended | Recommended with better tolerability and outcome |
16 | Patients with extrahepatic dermatological manifestations of HCV | Not recommended | Recommended with better tolerability and outcome |