Table 4 Comparison between improved and deceased groups regarding categorical variables
Improved (n=64) | Deceased (n=185) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||
Males | 47 (73) | 130 (70.3) | 0.678 |
Females | 17 (27) | 55 (29.7) | |
Precipitating factor of ACLF | |||
Sepsis | 16 (25) | 108 (58.4) | <0.0001 |
Upper GI bleeding | 7 (10.9) | 18 (9.7) | |
De novo AIH | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | |
AIH flare | 6 (9.4) | 2 (1.1) | |
DILI | 7 (10.9) | 2 (1.1) | |
HBV | 1 (1.6) | 2 (1.1) | |
HCV | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | |
HDV | 1 (1.6) | 1 (0.5) | |
HEV | 0 (0) | 2 (1.1) | |
Wilson’s disease | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | |
Unknown | 24 (37.5) | 47 (25.4) | |
Etiology of pre-existing CLD | |||
HCV | 30 (46.8) | 113 (61.1) | 0.055 |
AIH | 6 (9.4) | 2 (1.1) | |
Budd-Chiari syndrome | 0 (0) | 2 (1.1) | |
HBV | 5 (7.8) | 8 (4.3) | |
HBV-HCV co-infection | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | |
Unknown | 23 (35.9) | 59 (31.9) | |
Ascites | |||
No | 37 (57.8) | 38 (20.5) | <0.0001 |
Mild to moderate | 24 (37.5) | 131 (70.8) | |
Marked | 3 (4.7) | 16 (8.6) | |
Hepatic encephalopathy | |||
No | 56 (87.5) | 26 (14.1) | <0.0001 |
Grades I–II | 7 (10.9) | 116 (62.7) | |
Grades III–IV | 1 (1.6) | 43 (23.2) | |
Initial admission | |||
Ward | 50 (78.1) | 8 (4.3) | <0.0001 |
ICU | 14 (21.9) | 177 (95.7) | |
Child-Pugh class | |||
B | 16 (23.8) | 3 (1.6) | <0.0001 |
C | 48 (76.2) | 182 (98.4) | |
ACLF grade | |||
1 | 51 (79.7) | 39 (21.1) | <0.0001 |
2 | 13 (20.3) | 95 (51.4) | |
3 | 0 (0) | 51 (27.6) | |