Diagnostic validity of serum YKL-40 as a non-invasive diagnostic marker of oesophageal varices in cirrhotic hepatitis C virus patients

Hanno, Abdelfattah; EL-Kady, Ali M.; Bedewy, Essam; Abo Elwafa, Reham A.; Ahmed, Mohammed S.

doi:10.1186/s43066-022-00208-w

Egyptian Liver Journal

Table 2 Comparison between the different studied groups according to different ultrasonographic parameters

From: Diagnostic validity of serum YKL-40 as a non-invasive diagnostic marker of oesophageal varices in cirrhotic hepatitis C virus patients

	Group I (n = 20)		Group II (n = 20)		Group IIIa (n = 20)		Group IV (n = 20)		Test of sig.	p
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	Test of sig.	p
Liver cirrhosis	20	100.0	20	100.0	20	100.0	0	0.0	χ² = 80.0*	< 0.001*
Liver rt lobe size (cm)
Min.–max.	10.50–15.0		11.0–15.0		8.50–13.0		12.0–15.0		F = 11.706*	< 0.001*
Mean ± SD.	13.51 ± 1.33		13.40 ± 1.39		11.58 ± 1.66		13.90 ± 0.94
Median (IQR)	13.75 (12.5–14.75)		13.75 (12.50–14.75)		12.25 (10.0–13.0)		14.0 (13.25–14.75)
p₀	0.793		0.649		< 0.001*
Sig.bet.Grps	p₁ = 0.995, p₂ < 0.001, p₃ < 0.001
Hepatomegaly	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	-	-
Splenomegaly	20	100.0	20	100.0	20	100.0	0	0.0	χ² = 80.0*	< 0.001*
Spleen size (cm)
Min.–max.	14.0–16.0		14.0–16.0		16.0–19.0		10.0–12.0		F = 156.679*	< 0.001*
Mean ± SD.	14.65 ± 0.67		15.50 ± 0.69		17.0 ± 1.21		11.40 ± 0.68
Median (IQR)	15.0 (14.0–15.0)		16.0 (15.0–16.0)		16.50 (16.0–18.0)		11.50 (11.0–12.0)
p₀	< 0.001*		< 0.001*		< 0.001*
Sig.bet.Grps	p₁ = 0.011, p₂ < 0.001, p₃ < 0.001*
Bilharzial hepatic fibrosis	2	10.0	3	15.0	6	30.0	0	0.0	χ² = 7.540	^MCp = 0.051
Portal vien thrombosis
No	–	100.0	20	100.0	20	100.0	20	100.0	–	–
Yes	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	–	–
Portal vien diameter (mm)
Min.–max.	14.0–15.0		15.0–17.0		17.0–19.0		8.0–12.0		H = 72.658*	< 0.001*
Mean ± SD.	14.30 ± 0.47		15.60 ± 0.68		17.58 ± 0.63		9.75 ± 1.21
Median (IQR)	14.0 (14.0–15.0)		15.50 (15.0–16.0)		17.50 (17.0–18.0)		10.0 (9.0–11.0)
p₀	0.003*		< 0.001,*		< 0.001*
Sig.bet.Grps	p₁ = 0.016, p₂ < 0.001, p₃ = 0.005*
Portal blood volume
Min.–max.	610.0–1499.0		501.0–1411.0		570.0–1377.0		1213.0–1521.0		H = 37.254*	< 0.001*
Mean ± SD.	1140.75 ± 243.69		880.60 ± 300.73		891.15 ± 324.92		1393.65 ± 71.90
Median (IQR)	1174.0 (993.50–1321.0)		880.50 (590.50–1155.50)		734.50 (600.0–1239.0)		1400.0 (1371.50–1435.0)
p₀	0.002*		< 0.001*		< 0.001*
Sig.bet.Grps	p₁ = 0.021, p₂ = 0.044, p₃ = 0.762
Portal blood flow (hepatopetal)
No	0	0.0	9	45.0	14	70.0	0	0.0	χ² = 35.332*	< 0.001*
Yes	20	100.0	11	55.0	6	30.0	20	100.0	χ² = 35.332*	< 0.001*

χ² chi-square test
H: H for Kruskal-Wallis test, pairwise comparison between each 2 groups was done using post hoc test (Dunn’s for multiple comparisons test)
F: F for ANOVA test, pairwise comparison between each 2 groups was done using post hoc test (Tukey)
p: p value for comparing between the studied groups
p₀: p value for comparing between group IV and each other group
p₁: p value for comparing between groups I and II
p₂: p value for comparing between groups I and III
p₃: p value for comparing between groups II and III
*Statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05
IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation
I: cirrhosis without varices
Group II: cirrhosis with small varices (I, II)
Group IIIa: cirrhosis with large varices (III, IV)
Group IV: control

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