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Table 1 Comparison between the three studied groups (n = 80) according to demographic data and other different parameters

From: Diagnostic validity of serum YKL-40 as a non-invasive diagnostic marker of oesophageal varices in cirrhotic hepatitis C virus patients

 

Group I (n = 20)

Group II (n = 20)

Group IIIa (n = 20)

Group IV (n = 20)

Test of sig.

p

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

Gender

 Male

8

40.0

9

45.0

11

55.0

9

45.0

χ2 = 0.955

0.812

 Female

12

60.0

11

55.0

9

45.0

11

55.0

Age (years)

 Min.–max.

39.0–49.0

41.0–49.0

39.0–56.0

37.0–54.0

F = 1.605

0.195

 Mean ± SD.

44.65 ± 3.15

45.70 ± 2.05

45.90 ± 4.79

43.55 ± 4.62

 Median (IQR)

45 (42.5–47.0)

45.5 (44–47.5)

46.0 (41.5–49.5)

44.0 (39.5–46.5)

Hemoglobin

 

 Min.–Max.

10.0–11.50

10.0–11.30

9.0–11.50

11.50–14.30

F = 68.661*

< 0.001*

 Mean ± SD.

10.91 ± 0.45

10.75 ± 0.39

10.50 ± 0.59

12.86 ± 0.81

 Median (IQR)

10.90 (10.70–11.30)

10.80 (10.55–11.0)

10.70 (10.05–10.95)

13.0 (12.0–13.35)

p0

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

 

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.836, p2 = 0.127, p3 = 0.515

   

WBC(×103)

 Min.–max.

4.0–9.0

3.0–8.30

2.70–8.90

5.0–8.0

F = 2.841*

0.043*

 Mean ± SD.

5.85 ± 1.38

5.17 ± 1.46

5.21 ± 1.73

6.26 ± 0.93

 Median (IQR)

5.75 (4.75–7.0)

5.05 (4.0–6.30)

5.15 (3.70–6.40)

6.05 (5.55–7.0)

p0

0.793

0.047*

0.091

   

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.418, p2 = 0.472, p3 = 1.000

   

Platelets (× 103)

 Min.–max.

149.0–190.0

130.0–191.0

51.0–168.0

210.0–389.0

F = 80.751*

< 0.001*

 Mean ± SD.

168.95 ± 13.40

157.70 ± 17.68

107.60 ± 37.99

272.80 ± 53.20

 Median (IQR)

168.0 (158.50–178.0)

151.50 (145.0–172.50)

104.0 (77.0–140.0)

268.50 (224.5–309.5)

p0

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

   

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.732, p2 < 0.001*, p3 < 0.001*

   

Total bilirubin

 Min.–max.

0.20–1.0

0.20–1.0

0.60–6.20

0.20–0.90

H = 29.522*

< 0.001*

 Mean ± SD.

0.66 ± 0.27

0.73 ± 0.28

2.74 ± 2.03

0.59 ± 0.22

 Median (IQR)

0.73 (0.45–0.90)

0.80 (0.45–1.0)

2.05 (0.95–4.60)

0.60 (0.45–0.75)

p0

0.343

0.074

< 0.001*

   

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.404, p2 < 0.001*, p3 = 0.001*

   

Direct bilirubin

 Min.–max.

0.10–0.80

0.10–0.80

0.40–5.30

0.10–0.70

H = 29.094*

< 0.001*

 Mean ± SD.

0.46 ± 0.23

0.51 ± 0.22

2.16 ± 1.68

0.40 ± 0.19

 Median (IQR)

0.50 (0.25–0.70)

0.53 (0.30–0.70)

1.70 (0.70–3.60)

0.35 (0.25–0.60)

p0

0.415

0.145

< 0.001*

   

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.520, p2 < 0.001*, p3 = 0.001*

   

Albumin

 Min.–max.

3.20–4.60

3.0–4.20

2.30–3.30

3.90–4.50

F = 41.041*

< 0.001*

 Mean ± SD.

3.92 ± 0.48

3.62 ± 0.40

2.99 ± 0.28

4.15 ± 0.16

 Median (IQR)

4.0 (3.35–4.30)

3.60 (3.25–4.0)

3.05 (2.90–3.15)

4.15 (4.0–4.30)

p0

0.174

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

   

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.042*, p2 < 0.001*, p3 < 0.001*

   

ALT

 Min.–max.

10.0–99.0

13.0–81.0

20.0–120.0

12.0–28.0

H = 31.305*

< 0.001*

 Mean ± SD.

38.85 ± 25.97

36.25 ± 18.08

57.80 ± 30.38

19.90 ± 4.62

 Median (IQR)

29.50 (21.0–52.0)

31.0 (24.50–40.50)

47.0 (31.0–83.0)

19.50 (17.0–22.50)

p0

0.002*

0.001*

< 0.001*

   

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.716, p2 = 0.014*, p3 = 0.037*

   

AST

 Min.–max.

42.0–132.0

50.0–121.0

33.0–117.0

7.0–24.0

F = 48.157*

< 0.001*

 Mean ± SD.

75.45 ± 25.18

71.65 ± 17.95

72.90 ± 23.13

13.10 ± 4.45

 Median (IQR)

74.50 (53.5–93.5)

71.0 (55.50–80.0)

68.50 (58.0–89.5)

12.0 10.0–15.50)

p0

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

   

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.926, p2 = 0.976, p3 = 0.997

   

ALP

 Min.–max.

50.0–135.0

67.0–170.0

59.0–251.0

50.0–111.0

F = 13.208*

< 0.001*

 INR

  

 Min.–max.

1.0–1.32

1.10–1.50

1.40–2.10

0.90–1.20

H = 61.021*

< 0.001*

 Mean ± SD.

1.13 ± 0.11

1.29 ± 0.11

1.69 ± 0.20

1.05 ± 0.08

 Median (IQR)

1.10 (1.0–1.22)

1.30 (1.20–1.38)

1.61 (1.55–1.80)

1.0 (1.0–1.10)

p0

0.103

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

 

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.015*, p2 < 0.001*, p3 = 0.001*

 

Prothrombin activity

 Min.–max.

60.0–100.0

50.0–92.0

27.0–56.0

79.0–110.0

H = 60.472*

< 0.001*

 Mean ± SD.

83.65 ± 14.72

65.80 ± 11.17

43.80 ± 8.30

94.30 ± 8.41

 Median (IQR)

90.0 (66.50–96.0)

63.0 (58.50–74.0)

45.50 (40.0–51.0)

98.50 (87.5–100.0)

p0

0.122

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

   

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.010*, p2 < 0.001*, p3 = 0.002*

   

Ascites

    

χ2 = 80.984*

< 0.001*

 No

14

10

0

20

  

 Mild

6

9

0

0

  

 Moderate

0

1

13

0

  

 Massive

0

0

7

0

  

Child Pugh classification

 A

14

10

0

NA

χ2 = 32.269*

MCp

< 0.001*

 B

6

10

10

 

 C

0

0

10

 

Child Pugh score

      

Min.–max.

5.0–7.0

5.0–8.0

7.0–13.0

NA

H = 31.398*

< 0.001*

Mean ± SD.

5.70 ± 0.92

6.10 ± 1.17

9.55 ± 2.39

Median (IQR)

5.0 (5.0–7.0)

6.0 (5.0–7.0)

9.50 (7.0–12.0)

Sig.bet.Grps

p1 = 0.372, p2 < 0.001*, p3 < 0.001*

  
  1. χ2 chi square test
  2. H: H for Kruskal-Wallis test, pairwise comparison between each 2 groups was done using post hoc test (Dunn’s for multiple comparisons test)
  3. F: F for ANOVA test, pairwise comparison between each 2 groups was done using post hoc test (Tukey)
  4. p: p value for comparing between the studied groups
  5. p0: p value for comparing between group IV and each other group
  6. p1: p value for comparing between groups I and II
  7. p2: p value for comparing between groups I and III
  8. p3: p value for comparing between groups II and III
  9. *Statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05
  10. IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation
  11. Group I: cirrhosis without varices
  12. Group II: cirrhosis with small varices (I, II)
  13. Group IIIa: cirrhosis with large varices (III, IV)
  14. Group IV: control