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Table 1 Patients’ characteristics at baseline (n = 40, 100%)

From: To coagulate, ligate, or both: a randomized study comparing the safety and efficacy of two endoscopic approaches for managing gastric antral vascular ectasia in cirrhotic patients

Comparative factors

Group I: combined therapy group

Group II: EBL group

P value

Mean/Count

%/±SD

Mean/count

%/±SD

History and clinical finding

 History of hepatic encephalopathy

4

20%

5

25%

0.705

 History of bilharziasis

5

25%

4

20%

0.705

 Previous treatment of oesophageal varices

9

45%

8

40%

0.749

 Bleeding tendency (epistaxis, bleeding gums, ecchymotic patches at venipuncture sites)

9

45%

8

40%

0.749

 Pallor

20

100%

18

90%

0.136

 Palmar erythema

7

35%

8

405

0.744

 Lower limb edema

5

25%

8

40%

0.311

 Jaundice

7

35%

5

25%

0.490

 Spider nevi

5

25%

11

55%

0.053

 Dilated abdominal veins

3

15%

3

15%

1

 Fever

2

10%

3

15%

0.633

Demographic features

 Age (years)

57.75

± 7.51

57.35

± 8.28

0.874

 Sex (female/male)

9/11

45%/55%

7/13

35%/65%

0.519

 Residence (urban/rural)

7/13

35%/65%

5/15

25%/75%

0.490

Etiology of liver cirrhosis

 HCV

18

90

20

100%

0.349

 HBV

1

5%

0

0%

 Non-viral

1

5%

0

0%

Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification

 Class A

8

40%

8

40%

0.920

 Class B

6

30%

5

25%

 Class C

6

30%

7

35%

Laboratory findings

 ALT (U/L)

45.60

± 16.46

48.10

± 21.72

0.978

 AST (U/L)

56.65

± 22.80

50.85

± 20.22

0.464

 Albumin (g/dL)

2.68

± 0.59

2.73

± 0.63

0.587

 Total bilirubin (mg/dl)

2.28

± 1.24

2.47

± 1.69

0.924

 Prothrombin concentration

58.80

± 12.79

60.80

± 17.36

0.498

 White blood cell (× 103/mm3)

5.46

± 2.6

5.48

± 2.6

0.968

 Platelet count (103/mm3)

84.80

± 29.844

91.80

± 61.10

0.756

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

6.86

± 1.25

7.71

± 1.66

0.074

  1. Unless otherwise stated numerical data are expressed as mean (SD)
  2. Abbreviations: ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, EBL endoscopic band ligation, HBV hepatitis B virus; HCV hepatitis C virus
  3. P > 0.05 = not significant