Table 3 Osler-Weber-Rendu disease monitoring [6]
From: Ischemic cholangitis during Osler-Weber-Rendu disease: a case report
Test | Surveillance |
|---|---|
Physical exam | Annual, to detect new symptoms |
Testing for occult blood in stool | Annual, to detect occult gastrointestinal bleeding |
Complete blood count | Annual, to detect new-onset anemia |
Pulse oximetry in the supine and sitting | Every 1–2 years during childhood, to screen for pulmonary AVM |
Contrast echocardiogram | For patients aged 10 years and older, to screen for pulmonary shuntting |
Chest CT scan (existing pulmonary AVM) | Every 3–5 years, to reassess the growth of vascular lesions and to exclude the presence of new pulmonary |
Arterial blood gases or a chest CT, or both | 1 year after embolization to exclude reperfusion of previously treated pulmonary AVM |
Liver screening for arteriovenous malformation | No need to be routinely performed |
Cerebral MRI | Once after the diagnosis to exclude cerebral AVM |