Table 4 Comparison of various studies with present study on risk factors of chronic liver disease
Kudava et al. [15] | Mishra et al. [16] | Frieden et al. [18] | Chen et al. [24] | Singh et al. [25] | Tellez-Avila et al. [26] | Stepanova et al. [27] | Zhang et al. [19] | Madan et al. [29] | Our study | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of the study | Retrospective | Retrospective | Case control | Cross-sectional | Retrospective | Retrospective | Retrospective | Prospective | Cross-sectional | Case control |
Year | 1990 | 2009 | 1999 | 2006 | 2010 | 2008 | 2010 | 2011 | 2006 | 2009-2010 |
No. of participants | 80 | 74 | 52 cases, 104 controls | 371 | 60 | 134 | 964 | 4072 | 51 | 200 cases, 200 controls |
Age (years) | 35.1 ± 8 | 57 | 47 ± 11.2 | 49 ± 11.1 | 34 | 51.1 ± 12.1 | ||||
Male: Female ratio | 4:1 | 1:1.6 | 1:1.6 | 1:1.8 | 9.2:1 | 1:4.2 | ||||
BMI | 25.2 ± 3.6 | 27 ± 4.6 | 36.1 ± 9.1 | 27.2 ± 5.3 | 26.7 | 22.7 ± 4.2 | ||||
BMI > 30 kg/m2 | NA | 16.8% | NA | 19.6% | NA | 1.9% | ||||
DM | 8.33% | 40% | 28.1% | 10% | NA | 21.1% | ||||
Hypertension | NA | 29.1% | 44% | NA | NA | 25% | ||||
Alcohol | 36% | 60.8% | 29% | 0.8% | 69% | |||||
Alcohol + Hepatitis B | NA | NA | 6% | 28.5% | 3% | |||||
Alcohol + Hepatitis C | NA | NA | 46% | 13.2% | 1% | |||||
Hepatitis C | NA | 6.7% | 6% | NA | 0.5% | |||||
Hepatitis B | 33% | 8.1 | NA | NA | 3.5% | |||||
NAFLD | 34% | 13.5% | NA | 33.6% | 26% | |||||
RBS | NA | NA | 108 ± 29 | NA | 90 | 124 ± 56.1 | ||||
ALT (IU/L) | 110.82 ± 40.99 | 52.5 ± 39 | 58.5 ± 52.8 | NA | 98 | 54.31 ± 31.7 | ||||
AST (IU/L) | 70.6 ± 23.67 | 67.1 ± 60 | 42.4 ± 33.9 | NA | 66 | 95.46 ± 43.0 | ||||
AST:ALT ratio | 0.7 ± 0.3 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2.2 ± 1.1 | ||||
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | NA | 92.4 ± 49 | 167 ± 107 | NA | 145 | 87.5 ± 38.8 | ||||
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | NA | NA | 191 ± 45 | NA | 180 | 131.7 ± 39.1 | ||||
LDL (mg/dl) | NA | NA | 108.6 ± 40 | NA | NA | 56.8 ± 32.2 | ||||
HDL (mg/dl) | NA | 43.4 ± 10.9 | 47.1 ± 13.8 | NA | 41 | 45.9 ± 16.6 |