Table 2 Risk factors of gallstones and complications in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients

Identified risk factors

14 (63.6)

13 (100)

0.01*

Hemolytic anemia

Chronic hemolytic anemia

3 (13.6)

0 (0)

0.274

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

3 (13.6)

6 (46.2)

0.050

Dehydration

6 (27.3)

2 (15.4)

0.680

Therapy with ceftriaxone

5 (22.7)

1 (7.7)

0.377

Family history of gallstones

2 (9.1)

4 (30.8)

0.166

Hypertriglyceridemia

1 (4.5)

3 (23.1)

0.134

Cholestasis

1 (4.5)

2 (15.4)

0.541

Prematurity

0 (0)

2 (15.4)

0.131

Cystic fibrosis

1 (4.5)

0 (0)

0.435

Choledocholithiasis

7 (31.8)

0 (0)

0.015*

RBCs (10⁵ cells/mm³) in mean ± SD

4.4 ± 0.5

5 ± 1

0.047*

Hemoglobin (g/dl) in mean ± SD

11.2 ± 1.4

12.3 ± 0.8

0.006*

Hematocrit (%) in mean ± SD

33.8 ± 3.4

37.5 ± 3.4

0.008*

T. bilirubin (N < 1.5 mg/dl) median (IQR)

0.7 (0.4–2.6)

0.3 (0.2–0.8)

0.021

ALT (N < 40 U/L) in median (IQR)

38 (27–92)

26 (17–40)

0.108

AST (N < 60 U/L) in median (IQR)

47.5 (36–75)

34 (32–71)

0.484

GGT (N < 30 U/L) in median (IQR)

37.5 (12–114)

16 (8–28)

0.147

AP (N < 640 U/L) in median (IQR)

247 (190–375)

260 (192–371)

0.905

Albumin (N > 3.5 g/dl) in mean ± SD

4.2 ± 0.8

3.9 ± 0.4

0.136

INR (N < 1.1) in mean ± SD

1.1 ± 0.1

1.1 ± 0.1

0.972